先來建立測試標的，以一個簡單的位元計算器作為測試目標。
BitOperatorActivity
public class BitOperatorActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private static final String TAG = "BitOperatorActivity";
private static final String BIT_OR = "|";
private static final String BIT_NOT = "^";
private static final String BIT_AND = "&";
private List<String> operatorList = new ArrayList<String>();
private String aOperand;
private String bOperand;
private String operator;
private TextView aTv;
private TextView bTv;
private TextView operatorTv;
private EditText cOperand;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
this.aTv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.a);
this.bTv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.b);
this.operatorTv = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.operator);
this.cOperand = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.c);
((Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btn)).setOnClickListener(this);
this.operatorList.add(BitOperatorActivity.BIT_AND);
this.operatorList.add(BitOperatorActivity.BIT_NOT);
this.operatorList.add(BitOperatorActivity.BIT_OR);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
this.newGame();
}
private void newGame() {
int a = (int) (100 * Math.random());
int b = (int) (100 * Math.random());
this.aOperand = Integer.toBinaryString(a);
this.bOperand = Integer.toBinaryString(b);
Collections.shuffle(this.operatorList);
this.operator = this.operatorList.get(0);
this.aTv.setText(this.aOperand);
this.bTv.setText(this.bOperand);
this.operatorTv.setText(this.operator);
this.cOperand.setText("");
}
/** for test only */
public String getOperator() {
return this.operator;
}
public String bitOperate(String a, String b) {
int aInt = Integer.parseInt(a, 2);
int bInt = Integer.parseInt(b, 2);
int cInt;
if (this.operator.equals(BIT_AND)) {
Log.d(TAG, "And operator");
cInt = aInt & bInt;
}
else if (this.operator.equals(BIT_NOT)) {
Log.d(TAG, "NOt operator");
cInt = aInt ^ bInt;
}
else if (this.operator.equals(BIT_OR)) {
Log.d(TAG, "Or operator");
cInt = aInt | bInt;
}
else {
Log.e(TAG, "Unknown operator: " + this.operator);
Toast.makeText(this, "程式錯誤！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return null;
}
return Integer.toString(cInt, 2);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.d(TAG, "onclick..." + v.getId());
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn:
String answer = this.cOperand.getText().toString();
String rightAnswer = this.bitOperate(this.aOperand, this.bOperand);
Log.d(TAG, "Right answer: " + rightAnswer);
if (rightAnswer.equals(answer)) {
Log.d(TAG, "You are right!");
Toast.makeText(this, "你答對了！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
this.newGame();
}
else {
Log.d(TAG, "You are wrong!");
Toast.makeText(this, "哇咧！你答錯了，再試一次！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
break;
}
}
}main.xml<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:id="@+id/a" android:layout_width="60px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:gravity="right" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/operator" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:gravity="center" android:text="&" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/b" android:layout_width="60px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:gravity="right" /> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="30px" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:gravity="center" android:text="等於" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/c" android:layout_width="100px" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:gravity="right" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:text="GO" /> </LinearLayout>執行畫面如下。
再來建立單元測試，Android 建議使用另一個 Project 作為測試用，真要跟 Target project 放在一起好像也可以。
再來有兩個要特別注意的地方。
再來建立 Testcase，特別注意 Superclass 的設定。
BitOperatorActivityTest
public class BitOperatorActivityTest extends
ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<BitOperatorActivity> {
public BitOperatorActivityTest() {
super("idv.neil.bitOperator", BitOperatorActivity.class);
}
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
}
@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
super.tearDown();
}
public void testBitOperate() {
BitOperatorActivity act = this.getActivity();
int aInt = 48;
int bInt = 16;
String a = Integer.toBinaryString(aInt);
String b = Integer.toBinaryString(bInt);
String c = act.bitOperate(a, b);
int cInt = Integer.parseInt(c, 2);
String operator = act.getOperator();
assertNotNull(operator);
int answer = 0;
if ("&".equals(operator)) {
answer = aInt & bInt;
}
else if ("|".equals(operator)) {
answer = aInt | bInt;
}
else if ("^".equals(operator)) {
answer = aInt ^ bInt;
}
else {
assertFalse(false);
}
assertEquals(answer, cInt);
}
}完成後就可以使用熟悉的步驟來進行測試了！
特別的是，Android JUnit Test 會自動啟動或沿用已起動的 Android Emulator 來安裝並測試。
經過好一下子後（因為要啟動 Android Emulator），終於看到閃亮亮的綠色結果了。
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